From Voice ~ Topics: biographies, multiculturalism

Born in Mexico but Made in America

Not long ago I met a fellow Mexican graphic designer. I was unaware he was from Mexico, his English was flawless, he dressed American and, contrary to me, had no noticeable accent. Only after a couple of hours did I notice the tattoo on his forearm: Hecho en México (Made in Mexico). The official seal for products made in Mexico, stamped on anything from eggs to t-shirts to stereos–not upper limbs of the human body. I eventually learned he was made (read “born”) in Mexico, has lived in the United States since the age of 3, and led an American life–the only remnant of his origins boldly etched in his body rather than in his lifestyle. I suppressed my perplexity because mixing body art and immigration issues in a first-time conversation can prove uncomfortable. However, it left me thinking: when clients, peers, friends or strangers see the work I do, would they be able to tell I was made in Mexico? Without further discussion I know the answer is No. My accent and longing for good, authentic tacos show evidence of my origins but my work doesn’t. I have been in the United States close to five years and it’s obvious that, as a graphic designer, I was born in Mexico but made in America.

The first two decades of my life were dominated by Mexico City’s rich culture. I was brought up amidst colorful traditions, picturesque towns and a vibrant city that never lacked visual interest. Mexico’s vernacular language, which I relish to this day, is lush with naiveté yet full of charisma. Art (both high and low) in Mexico abounds; museums and galleries exhibiting the work of classics as well as contemporaries are plentiful. Anywhere you turn the craft of the indigenous people is at your fingertips. Sometimes it is all too much. In my case, it seems it wasn’t enough though, as none of it manifests in my work. Granted, its materialization might pigeon-hole me as a designer for the Hispanic community in the United States but what if I were able to translate my culture’s language and turn it into an exciting, novel form of design? Could I? Would I even want to?

My initial reaction to the inclusion of Mexican visual language into my work is to avoid it, as native idioms have the propensity to fall under stereotypical motifs like, in my case, Mayan patterns seen on nacho chip bags.


Once I get past that, I ask myself if there is room or even a necessity to bring a foreign idiom into American graphic design. I look around and see design flourishing with no apparent influence of external languages other than the occasional blip of unnecessary Asian characters. It is then that I acquire a state of complacency: Why bother? What would be the point when everything already looks good? And here is where I become idealist: Imagine how stronger and diverse the profession could be if new, exotic and unexpected accents were embraced and fostered or even if foreigners, like me, took a chance and opted to include, by reinterpreting and repurposing, our culture into our work. Just as spices add flavor to our favorite foods, our idioms–in the right quantity–could add interest to an already strong body of work. If Ricky Martin, Enrique Iglesias and Salma Hayek have proven anything, it is that this proposition is not far-fetched when the right balance is achieved.

The past five years have been full of adjustments and transitions: lunch at noon rather than 3:00 pm; inches instead of centimeters; pounds as an alternative to grams; English and not Spanish. Changes I expected to make. However, it is surprising–at least for me–that with them, my visual vocabulary shifted. My childhood, adolescence and precocious young adulthood years quickly and easily replaced by five years of immersing myself in America’s culture as well as starting what I hope is a successful career. In exchange, I have given up two decades worth of a visual richness that could be incorporated into my work if I found an appropriate equilibrium. Seeing this graphic designer’s tattoo made me realize I did not want to resort to body art to be reminded of my origins or to state that I was Hecho en México, something I could presumably achieve through my work...but then again, I need to remember that as a graphic designer, I am Hecho en Estados Unidos.

About the Author: Armin Vit is a graphic designer, observer and aspiring critic. Unafraid of public scrutiny, he has written for Emigre, Eye, HOW and STEP magazines among others. His work has been published in numerous publications around the world and has been awarded many times with much fanfare. He is founder of UnderConsideration and the (in)famous Speak Up. Feisty behind the keyboard, Armin remains timid at heart.

  1. link to this comment by d stairs Mon Mar 15, 2004

    Armin,
    I'm writing a book about vernacular in a developing country, and it doesn't sound much different from your native land.
    Problem with America is not that we don't have a vernacular, but that it has successfully been subsumed, absorbed, co-opted by the corporate model, to which designers have largely subscribed. Your vision is unique because of your upbringing, and you should indeed try to bring it into your work. For my money, Hecho en Estados Unidos would be an excellent name for a studio!
    Life in Africa is also an adjustment; shillings for dollars; centimeters for inches; hours for minutes, but I miss it. Visit our site's events page and click on the past events links to see some examples of how we attempt to acknowledge the vibrancy and spontaneity of chaotic, non-corporate African design.

  2. link to this comment by Maya Drozdz Mon Mar 15, 2004

    Armin, I think I know exactly what you mean. I've organized an exhibit that seeks answers to some of the same questions you've posed. It includes work by 25 graphic designers who are immigrants, nomads, refugees, you name it. They live and practice all over the world and, through the work in this exhibit [and, in some cases, through their work in general] they investigate their cultural identities. The exhibit is coming to Detroit in April, should you be inclined to stop by.

    http://www.visualingual.org/outsidein

    Thanks, Maya Drozdz
    Dobra, bo Polska.

  3. link to this comment by Armin Tue Mar 16, 2004

    David, true, "Hecho en Estados Unidos" would definitely make for a great studio name. However it raises my number one concern, and not solely because of your comment ? being pigeon-holed into a designer for the hispanic market. There is nothing wrong with that and there are places that thrive doing that type of work (UNO and UnBurro*). But it is not what I want to do and perhaps it is only an excuse to not try to do something with my visual heritage ? which then calls for a shrink rather than an article on Voice.

    Maya, your project sounds extremely interesting. Also, I really like the term "A Design Nomad", it would allow somebody to not be constrained by regionalism. Or globalization. But I guess that's another article altogether.

    I appreciate both your comments. I also feel like you are more committed to this issue than me. I am just realizing it and wondering what in the world I am going to do about it. So this helps.

    * I had the links in there, seems like the forum doesn't allow HTML tags.

    UnBurro ? http://www.unburro.com
    UNO ? http://www.unoonline.com /

  4. link to this comment by Armin Tue Mar 16, 2004

    Oy, please ignore the question marks, they are supposed to be em dashes.

  5. link to this comment by sosa Tue Mar 16, 2004

    Problem with mexican design is that there is not such thing. While visual popular culture is very rich, we mexican designers are just a mix of influences from every other place.
    I think we must be trying to build a national identity and a particular style that could be identified as "mexican design" just like swiss or deutsch design is very particular.

  6. link to this comment by Armin Tue Mar 16, 2004

    Sosa, five years ago I would have agreed with you completely. And the fact that I didn't "see" any Mexican graphic design played a huge role in me coming to the US. It's funny though that it has taken me 5 years to realize and appreciate graphic design in Mexico. Not to over-milk this 5 year situation but before coming to the US I was given this book: "Disenadores Graficos Mexicanos"

    http://www.libroslatinos.com/cgi-bin/libros/75104?location=ll

    When I saw it then, I wasn't impressed nor convinced that there was good graphic design being done in Mexico ? even though it was 300 pages worth of Mexican designers. For this article I revisited the book and I was very surprised to see an evident mexican style. Sure, it is highly informed and influenced by American design but the traces of Mexican culture are undeniable.

    It is a shame that Matiz* is not being published anymore. They were the one publication that looked at design around the world, published it and inspired a young generation of designers like myself. This generation produced some of Mexico's best designers including type designer Gabriel Martinez Meave (who has won endless international type contests), Monica and Nacho Peon, Domingo Noe Martinez (founder of Matiz), Hula-Hula, ChaChaCha (although they are in Tijuana I think) and many more. Their work is not as widespread and is shadowed by the work of global agencies like J Walter Thompson, Landor, Young & Rubicam, etc.

    Design in Mexico is strong, and I had to step back (and away) to realize that. However, as a profession it lacks even more respect than in the US. It is a joke to have big clients complain about a US$100 logo. Which was ultimately the reason I moved as I didn't see a succesful future as a graphic designer in Mexico. To this day I remain hesitant but hopeful - at least for others.

    * For those unfamiliar with Matiz, I have a collection of most of their covers online.
    http://www.underconsideration.com/speakup/matiz /

  7. link to this comment by Arturo Sun Mar 21, 2004

    Armin, my dear paisa... as usual you are right on target.

    >"It is a shame that Matiz* is not being published anymore"

    Certainly a shame, look for the covers you missed, on your email as soon as I scan them.

    > Hula-Hula, ChaChaCha (although they are in Tijuana > I think)

    Actually HulaHula is in Mexico City, Cha3 is in the glorious city of TJ ;)

    A comment on hispanics in America, since last year there are 6 brand new hispanic daily newspapers from major publishing companies in US, L.A. is the second city with most mexican population in the world just behind Mexico City, I think that the latin influence on America is just starting, UNO and unburro are two pioneers on this but I really think this is just scratching the surface of a big cultural wave.

  8. link to this comment by d stairs Mon Apr 05, 2004

    And no one is mentioning here the 2003 Princeton publication of Mexican street graphics, Sensacional by Juan Carlos Mena and Oscar Reyes.

  9. link to this comment by Armin Tue Apr 06, 2004

    David, yes, that is quite a good book. There is also the behemoth of Mexican vernacular, that got some honorable mentions, including I.D. magazine's top print price a few years ago: ABCDF

    http://www.lastgasp.com/cgi-bin/details.cfm?bookid=18852

    Amazing book. Heavy though, very heavy.

    There have been a few threads springing among some Mexican bloggers. (Including Arturo, my paisa below). They are in Spanish, so you might want to run them through Google's translate function. In no particular order:

    http://www.nolimit-studio.com/yosoysosa/archives/categorias/diseno_/chilaquiles.php

    http://kolmena.typepad.com/buzz/2004/03/definitivamente.html

    http://tinyurl.com/yuuh3

    And want to hear something weird? This is the first time ever that I read design criticism in Spanish – mostly because it is non-existent. And it feels great to see it happening, as it is quite the uncharted territory.

  10. link to this comment by Naz Tue Apr 06, 2004

    Armin, those Matiz covers are beautiful. It's nice to see them like that. It's a great progressive history.

  11. link to this comment by netonico Sun Aug 15, 2004

    Good article, I come from a city on the border from México and the US, sadly my cities culture in design doesn’t look south to the riches of Mexican design since we have the US so close we tend to follow that style and forget our roots.

    I’m a last semester student of Graphic design who has worked around in different agencies and as freelance getting to know people and you are right Mexicans who are closer to de border often forget there origins or prefer not to include them in there work.

    When ever posible a try to read as much that I can, magazines related to the area of design, and odly enough in the newest magazines I don’t seem to find work related with our cultural bagage, but more related to how a Mexican agency has manched to once again take the American wave and plant it on a Mexican organization, but the wird thing about it is that in México there are thousands of young graphic designers that when they are in school they do bring out there roots to show, but when they are hired buy an agency some how they forget to include them in there work.

    I think that you can include in some way you cultural bagage even in a small way or find a way to revolutionize the old mexican design and bring it to de new age design, theres always a way to mix things up.

  12. link to this comment by Joyce Sun Aug 15, 2004

    By reading this Article i,ve realized that its important to never forget where you come from, where your family is from, cause maybe the person reading this article had forgetten of his 2 decades in the city he was raised, maybe he is right what he says at the end, cause he was hecho en united states as a graphic designer, I understand that he studied and has worked his profesion in th united states. but never forget about his origins in his work, maybe we can become more sucessful if we paste are past with our future in everday life including are jobs.

  13. link to this comment by danvinci Sun Aug 15, 2004

    The exposition is beside the point exaggerated. Been born in Mexico, made in the United States. It is necessary to remember that the graphical design is not the expression of our feelings, fears, joys or fear. It is a work and as so it is based on a market. It is obvious that if works in the United States (that is not just like America), the market which we faced like designers, we will not define we, but who already exist, and to him we will have ourselves to adapt. If as designers we emigrated for example to Italy, our design must have certain artistic tendency, if we go to Germany, we would have to focus to the functionality, to Japan the innovation, if we designed in Finland we would focus in the elegance or to France in the vanguard. It is to say; the designer is a chameleon that adapts to the necessities of means, not that adapts means to its tastes or beliefs.

    Mexico is very young in the grafic design, we do not confuse its artesaria, art or folklor with design, is very different things. The graphical design in Mexico begins to take form recently and is thanks to some groups already mentioned like hula hula, group pore, among others. But of equal way, these movements have been result on attempts of expression mainly, and its assignment is not defined by the commercial design. The graphical design even lacks a strong identity, but it is in process to obtain it.

  14. link to this comment by PEDRERO Sun Aug 15, 2004

    I totally agree with the article, eventough i also live in the border between U.S. and Mexico and here its plain to see how we got influenced by the U.S. culture, but its not only at the border where you could notice that; right now i think our whole country and traditions are changing when we know we have an unique, rich and beautiful culture that U.S. could envy.
    i think that we should find the way to get into other cultures or impact them with our work, no matter what we do, in my case as a graphic designer. why not, as someone said create our own style with "no influences", so all world could recognize it and could say: thats "mexican design" or thats a mexican or latin desing, why not in my case thats cachanillas design.

  15. link to this comment by Joyce 2 Sun Aug 15, 2004

    As a graphic design student, I must confess that this is what we usually found now in our
    days? a society reaching only for quantity instead of quality; forgetting about our roots
    which are the ones that make us proud of ourselves. Talking about what we want as a graphic designer is work, and sometimes when is time to get it the roots of the interested will not be the more important for the agencies. This is not only about criticizing because there is also a lot of exceptional work of lots of Mexicans that look a way to transmit their cultural baggage which seems to be wonderful to me and as a final resume I’d like to say that I will never be ashamed of my cultural background for the contrary I’d like to put Mexico always at first

  16. link to this comment by santopatito Sun Aug 15, 2004

    The identity of a professional, is based to a great extent on its stage of development and growth, nevertheless, when we’re speaking of graphic design, we understand that feelings and roots become jumbled. As it is, our work is influenced at any moment by which they impose the guideline to follow, and in this case the USA it does for us, just because we let them do it.
    As Mexican and human beings we have a culture that transmits us when growing, the same it happens when we formed like a professional, we are the reflection of a culture that taught its style to us, but that does not define who we are, we can express much of our culture in the language of others, and it is what people who is influenced by the graphic design of the USA in the country can begin to do.

  17. link to this comment by cynthita Mon Aug 16, 2004

    I totally agree with the point. There is an enormus necesity of a movement in Mexican design that can allow unify cultural influences to build an identity that can be shown and assumed for the mayority of Mex-GD. I think that that's what Mexican Graphic design needs for getting the recognition of the world (I think we all agree that we've already got the quality) It's like if we needed to have a "Mexican Weimar" that can unify all the caracteristics of mexican cultural influences and send an unified mesage in the way of a real "Mexican Style" that can be distinguished for even people that doesn't knows and doesn't care 'bout our cultural bagagge. 'till this happens I don't think it would be easy to show our roots in our work without looking as a mayan motif in a nacho bag.
    In the other hand I'm very happy to say that I've already seen many tryouts of getting to this "Mexican Manifesto" formula, there are various mexican "colectivos" that are working very hard on bringing the actual popular culture into graphic design and what they're geting is a very rich, very fresh and also very urban design so, I sugess that If someone is already doing it I think we should support them, at least it's a start, mavy we can make the movement so strong that can be seen and recognized as the swiss, german, spanish and japanese graphic desing are recognized. I would like to think that when we get to this point global and local agencies would begin to apreciate our culture, but first of all we are the ones that should assume our roots without thinking in the cliché of being "naco", because even the tastier tendency can be cheesy if it's not well done and doesn't has a real meaning that can rely on.

  18. link to this comment by M4RC0V el MERO-MERO! Mon Aug 16, 2004

    Hi, I'm a chilango (born in Mexico City), but i live in the border con los EU, I think the article was very good. it's sad but true, qhen we visit the US the only "mexican motifs" are in tortillas, nachos and restaurant's adds, logos packages, etc, wich is good, but How many graphic designers (latinos y/o mexicanos) dejan a un lado su bagage cultural just because they're in an agency?, it's a shame that all of our cultural heritage se pierda para siempre, pushed by globalization. I think that as a mexican graphic designer i must include my culture in every work i do, from color schemes, to shapes, typography, humor, etc. I know that it inst easy because a lot of mis costumbres son gabachas, pero only trying and getting involved with my people, my history and my culture es como podre incluir lo local en lo global (the key is to include the local stuff into the global stuff)

  19. link to this comment by UN MEXICANO Wed Aug 18, 2004

    I agree with the article, the mexican people are persons with tha talent and coraje, and them we have design mexican

  20. link to this comment by edith Fri Aug 20, 2004

    I agree with the article, with all and the influences we can’t deny that graphic design work when it is done, it has to emerge from the soul. And according to the rules it reflects your Mexican culture.
    It is true that the Mexican graphic design doesn’t have any background, but it is a profession, a job, which that has to be done, by a person with culture, traditions and background, we are the minority in the USA, but we are growing in our country. The search for our own visual identity is something that comes from inside us, something that represents our culture. We have to save our traditions, custom, but always having the capacity of understanding the tendency.
    We have to notice that we good in what we do, and that US doesn’t have to emphasize what we have and transmit our clients where we are from first and emphasize our own tendency.

    Of course, I’m Mexican designer and proud of it.

  21. link to this comment by Cinthya C Tue Sep 14, 2004

    I'm a graphic design student and now I find myself really fighting to write my senior thesis on Graphic Design in Mexico. I believe mexican iconography and design should be anywhere but nachos and that's why I'm trying to show: the visual richness that my country has to give to the graphic arts. I was born in Mexico City and I've been living in Washington DC for three years. If the author of this article (Armin) could contact me please be sure to do so. I would be very interested in getting some colaboration and/or feedback for my thesis.

    dali511@hotmail.com

  22. link to this comment by Enrique Von Rohr Wed Dec 08, 2004

    Armin, and all those in this discussion;
    I am very please to see this conversation going on and I am looking forward to reading more and checking out your recommended links. There is certainly a great deal of conversation that needs to happen in the graphic design community of Mexico to promote and identify the voice. Granted, I have to admit that I am new to even exploring the Mexican graphic design scene beyond the vernacular that we see most often.

    As background, I am in a similar predicament as many of you, as I was also Hecho en Mexico. The twist is that I am of North American parents, thus I do not have an ounce of Latin blood in me. Having grown up in Mexico and being fluent, as well as having a Mexican name, half of me has always felt Mexican and the other half American. As a graphic designer educated in the USA, my voice is very much an American one. I have always struggled with what is the Mexican side of my design, if any. I have also wanted to return to Mexico to practice design, but struggle with the understanding that design is not valued as it is in the USA.

    I think that as a country going through some serious economic transformations, Mexican graphic design will no doubt become a discipline that is valued in many areas. It is through dialogue, getting out in the business and educational community that we can begin a discourse that will convey the importance of visual communication to Mexicans. I am always amazed by the visual richness of Mexican arts and crafts, and how that informs the more formal visual language of commercial arts and the business environment. There is such a long history of a strong visual vocabulary that conveys a certain Mexican image... Well, I think I need to read up more on the design scene in Mexico, read some of these blogs and then get back to this conversation. I am exited to connect with this all. Does any one know of an AIGA like organizations in Mexico or Latin America? If not, maybe it is about time we stated one.

    ¡Que siga la charla!
    Enrique

  23. link to this comment by Alex Sun Feb 20, 2005

    I am into newspaper design, and to me the subject of All-American design or All-European or All-whatever you like has no meaning, since we are a very complex, varied and different yet small community, even from city to city, even from nameplate to nameplate in our very own cities, the same basics for designing a page are used throughout the world, with few or no exceptions, getting the message clear to the reader is the rule, so, its clear to me that the design world, or at least the one where I am involved day in and day out has no cultural identity at all, we all have newsrooms where people from around the globe make the same stuff everyday, whether their skins are yellow, black, white or red, it really makes no difference in the job they make, if you get the message clear and undistorted, that means we are doing our jobs pretty well, I mean, c’mon people, the very concept of grabbing a newspaper in any country is proof enough that we live in a globalized town, the news must get to you regardless of the messenger, The message is what’s important, not the messenger, and if race, creed or cultural background is getting in the way, you are probably not doing a very good job communicating, and to me, that’s what good design is all about, communication. Can you dig it?

  24. link to this comment by Nunez Studio Thu Sep 08, 2005

    Right, I think all you said is true, but keeping the DNA of the mexican people in our desigs could be an inspiration for our people residing in USA. People as successfull as you, are the best inspiration for many.
    I do get the point of trying to adapt to the american culture in terms of design, but wouldn't it be a little nicer if you could show a little bit of your roots in your design. That would set a wonderfull example for every mexican in this country.

  25. link to this comment by Noris Morales Mon Apr 17, 2006

    Hi I am a Mexican graphic designer that had the experience of living and working in the USA for seven years, as you might understand, that experience changed me, and now that I am back in Mexico it feels that I come from nowhere, (?).

    A friend once told me that when you experience living outside your country for a while, you become a foreigner of the world. And I think it’s true.

    I am writing and article about professional migration of designers to the USA and Canada. Some of the issues that the participants of my study comment are closely related to what it has being written here. (I might be developing it into a book because of all the interesting information)

    What really is Mexican design? Is it a bit pretentious in the global world that we actually live, to talk about something that develops only if you have been born in certain country?
    Does it exclude the work of many graphic designers that live outside Mexico? Or the ones that somehow disappointed of what Mexico offers in the professional level have looked for options outside our borders? Is that betraying your country of culture?
    Some people in Mexico believe that.

    And Finally if you want to participate in my study or know any Mexican designer that has gone to the US or Canada to study or work for at least 2 years I would be happy to know their experience even from the not so famous ones.

    www.8oriente.com/exiliados

  26. link to this comment by Jack Wed Jun 21, 2006

    Hi
    I'm an Australian graphic designer who is interested in Mexican design. Can anyone tell me if there is a design portal for Mexico where I can learn more - see artists etc. We have one like http://www.australianinfront.com.au / in our country.
    Please email if you can help!

  27. link to this comment by nanette Wed Jan 23, 2008

    I have being here more then five years since I came from Guadalajara to the U.S. I am studying Graphic Design, I see my self not only as mexican but as Latin American and that concept i came to realize it when I started studying Latin American art in general and I discovered that we are a familia with the same cultural background and we should be united for the good of design.

  28. link to this comment by cc Wed May 14, 2008

    very helping thank you non!

  29. link to this comment by Roberto Luque Thu May 15, 2008

    Buen Charla! Ojala todos pueden a seguir adelante y poner nestra marca en el mundo de deseno...

Add a Comment

AIGA encourages thoughtful, responsible discourse. Please add comments judiciously, and refrain from maligning any individual, institution or body of work.